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NEDA TOOLKIT for Coaches and Trainers Bipolar and Related Disorders  A group of related mental disorders listed in the DSM-5. These disorders include bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorder, substance/medication-induced bipolar and related disorder, bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition, other specified bipolar and related disorder, and unspecified bipolar and related disorder. Body Dysmorphic Disorder or Dysmorphophobia  A mental condition defined in the DSM-5 in which the patient is preoccupied with a real or perceived defect in his/her appearance. (See DSM-5.) Body Image  The subjective opinion about one’s physical appearance based on self-perception of body size and shape and the reactions of others. Body Mass Index (BMI)  A formula used to calculate the ratio of a person’s weight to height. BMI is expressed as a number that is used to determine whether an individual’s weight is within normal ranges for age and sex on a standardized BMI chart. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website offers BMI calculators and standardized BMI charts. Bulimia Nervosa  A disorder defined in the DSM-5 which a patient binges on food an average of once weekly in a three-month time period, followed by compensatory behavior aimed at preventing weight gain. This behavior may include excessive exercise, vomiting, or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, other medications, and enemas. Case Management  An approach to patient care in which a case manager mobilizes people to organize appropriate services and supports for a patient’s treatment. A case manager coordinates mental health, social work, educational, health, vocational, transportation, advocacy, respite care, and recreational services, as needed. The case manager ensures that the changing needs of the patient and the family members supporting that patient are met. COBRA  A federal act in 1985 that included provisions to protect health insurance benefits coverage for workers and their families who lose their jobs. The landmark Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (COBRA) health benefit provisions became law in 1986. The law amends the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), the Internal Revenue Code, and the Public Health Service Act to provide continuation of employer-sponsored group health coverage that otherwise might be terminated. The US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services has advisory jurisdiction for the COBRA law as it applies to state and local government (public sector) employers and their group health plans. Cognitive Therapy (CT)  A type of psychotherapeutic treatment that attempts to change a patient’s feelings and behaviors by changing the way the patient thinks about or perceives his/her significant life experiences. Subtypes include cognitive analytic therapy and cognitive orientation therapy. Cognitive Analytic Therapy (CAT)  A type of cognitive therapy that focuses its attention on discovering how a patient’s problems have evolved and how the procedures the patient has devised to cope with them may be ineffective or even harmful. CAT is designed to enable people to gain an understanding of how the difficulties they experience may be made worse by their habitual coping mechanisms. Problems are understood in the light of a person’s personal history and life experiences. The focus is on recognizing how these coping procedures originated and how they can be adapted. Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)  A treatment that involves three overlapping phases when used to treat an eating disorder. For example, with bulimia, the first phase focuses on helping people to resist the urge to binge eat and purge by educating them about the dangers of their behavior. The second phase introduces procedures to reduce dietary restraint and increase the regularity of eating. The last phase involves teaching people relapse-prevention strategies to help them prepare for possible setbacks. A course of individual CBT for bulimia nervosa usually involves 16- to 20-hour- long sessions over a period of four to five months. It is offered on an individual, group, or self-managed basis. The goals of CBT are designed to interrupt the proposed bulimic cycle that is perpetuated by low self- esteem, extreme concerns about shape and weight, and extreme means of weight control. Cognitive Orientation Therapy (COT)  A type of cognitive therapy that uses a systematic procedure to understand the meaning of a patient’s behavior by exploring certain themes such as aggression and avoidance. The procedure for modifying behavior then focuses on systematically changing the patient’s beliefs related to the themes and not directly to eating behavior. Page  | 51